NEOLIBERALISM AND 'POPULAR TERRITORY CONSTRUCTION' IN ARGENTINEAN CONTEMPORARY AGRICULTURE: 'THE ENVIROMENTAL AND PEASANT DEBATE' AND THE MNCI (1976-2010)

摘要

This article intends to see show how of the neoliberal economic model ascent reconfigures the political and organizational relations in the Argentinean agrarian world. According to this, we will try to analyze the social-political context where the MNCI (National Peasant Indian Movement) was born, the possible links between the neoliberal ascent and the birth of the Movement; their organizational structures and what questions the MNCI asks to the prevalent economic model, and the productive logic it defends (agribusiness, monocultures, transgenic cultivation, etc.) We intend carry out an analysis of the productive increase boosted by neoliberalism and the changes in the "ways" of production in the "country" carried out in the last decades, in parallel to the birth of the MNCI questioning this model from an "anti-hegemonic" perspective. As a consequence, we will analyze different ways of intervention and construction of territories drawn on one side in an hegemonic form from the neoliberal ascent and the transgenic products advent, and on the other side facing the propositions exposed by the MNCI and their agricultural-ecological and "peasant" proposal. In this sense, the "environmental issue" becomes central in the analysis of the productive changes and the economic policy accomplished with the neoliberal advance and its social effects in the "farming world" (rural exodus, dispossess, etc.) which increases the advance of the extractive "neocolonial model" and produces relevant impact on the natural ecosystems and their reproductive cycles. The different appropriation proposals/forms of these ecosystems, and the different impacts produced by each one, will be developed in this work.