Turn the energy sector of the European union to renewable energy Bulgaria and place in the process

摘要

Significant impact of the energy on ecology is one of the biggest global challenges of the XXI century. Given the considerable growth in global energy demand over the coming years a particularly acute issue will arise concerning the negative consequences for the environment due to the active use of various energy resources. One of the main problems of modern world community including the countries both from the European Union (EU) and South Eastern Europe, including Bulgaria, is to maintain favourable environmental conditions in these regions. Since 01.01.2009 in the countries of the EU the environmental standard EURO-5 has become effective, strictly regulating the basic indicators of fuels produced for the market. Due to the fact that automobile exhausts identify by 30% the environmental qualities of air in big cities, the EU has tightened fuel consumption rates in the newly constructed vehicle engines. This is the reason for the dieselization of the EU fleet due to the more economical consumption of fuel at increased efficiency reaching up to 30 %. The share of bio-components in produced fuels has already been rationed- ethyl alcohol, vegetable or animal fats, which currently stands at 5 %. The European norms (Directives) determine the portion of “green” electricity in the homes as well, which in the Republic of Bulgaria has already reached 14 %, which is slightly ahead of the EU requirements of 13%, which, in the long term to 2020 should be 20 %. The increasing pace of investment activities of the European “green” energy in the future will also keep the rate of development, since the EU environmental requirements are associated with the decreased dependence on crude oil deliveries from Russia. Reduction of primary energy consumption is planned through complete utilization of secondary energy resources in the plants and human wastes in households. Accustoming people to separate wastes collection and construction of modern factories for wastes disposal are trends in the development of big cities. Placing solar panels on the roofs has become popular as a method for reduction of household bills. In the energy sector there is a high portion of natural gas and partial abandonment of coal. To preserve the environmental situation in the countries of the EU and worldwide the possibility to increase the contribution of nuclear energy is under consideration