罗马尼亚和保加利亚应对欧盟合作与核查机制比较研究

摘要

After Romania and Bulgaria joined the European Union, the European Union carried out cooperation and verification mechanism, urging judicial reform and anti-corruption. From the point of actual operation, on the one hand,the laws of both countries require a nonpartisan judicial system, and on the other hand, the presidents of the two countries also have nominal nonpartisan neutrality. So the cooperation between president and the judicial departments becomes a important factor for judicial reform and anti-corruption across party politics. In this process, because of the difference between the two presidents’ power, a strong"semi-presidential"Romania often showed stronger propulsion and better policy stability than weak"semi-presidential"Bulgarian. Thus to some extent, the former can cope with the EU cooperation and verification mechanism better.%罗马尼亚和保加利亚加入欧盟后，欧盟对其实行了合作与核查机制，督促两国继续进行司法改革和反腐败。从实际运行情况来看，一方面，两国法律均要求司法部门具有独立于党派政治的属性，另一方面，两国的总统也具有名义上的超党派中立性，因此总统与司法部门的合作就成为司法改革和反腐败能否跨越党派政治而取得进展的重要因素。在这一过程中，由于两国总统实权的不同，强势“半总统制”的罗马尼亚比弱势“半总统制”的保加利亚往往表现出了更强的推进力和更好的政策稳定性，从而在一定程度上更好地应对欧盟合作与核查机制。