POLYVINYLCHLORIDE COMPOSITIONS OF FINISHING APPOINTMEN WITH IMPROVED THERMAL AND COLOUR STABILITY

摘要

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) takes a special place in a class of the large-capacity organochlorine compounds obtained on the basis of products of petrochemistry. It has good physic-mechanical properties and relatively low cost in comparison with the hydrocarbon polymers. Obtained on its base materials differ with a wide range of properties and are used in a wide variety of purposes in all industries, as well as agriculture and households. With development of the production of PVC the role of plasticizers used in its processing has increased significantly. In application the ester plasticizers, capable to plasticize almost all polymers, especially polyvinylchloride are considered as the most practical. Currently, the industry has mastered production of more than three hundred brands of plasticizers, most of which are esters of phthalic acid: phthalates occupy more than 80 % of the market, thus over 90% of phthalates used to plasticize PVC. However, despite the rather large range of plasticizers, their number is insufficient to meet the needs of modern industry. In this regard, development of new plasticizers for compositions of PVC materials of finishing appointment is relevant and practically significant problem. On the other hand due to the extremely low stability of PVC during the storage, processing and operation continuous growth rates of production of this polymer extremely sharply put a stabilization problem. In order to improve the thermal stability of the polymer composition based on plasticized polyvinyl chloride in the present work we investigated the possibility of selecting effective chemical additives required for processing and exploitation of polymer products. Formulation of PVC films of upper and intermediate layers of linoleum with the use of new compounds – butoxyalkylphenoxyalkylphthalates, proposed as PVC plasticizers, are developed. The possibility of increasing of thermal-oxidative stability of the new plasticizers with a phenolic antioxidant – ionol is explored. On the basis of our research revealed that the use of antioxidant can effectively inhibit butoxyalkylphenoxyalkylphthalates oxidation process and increase technological and operational properties of PVC films in the formulations of the upper and intermediate layers of linoleum.