Derivatives of Isoindoline, Synthesis and Biological Activity. I. Natural and Synthetic Isoindoline Derivatives

摘要

Derivatives of isoindolines are a group of nitrogen heterocyclic compounds that are less representedin scientific literature than other heterocyclic compounds containing the nitrogen atom. Naturalderivatives of isoindolines were first isolated in the early 1960's and showed various interestingbiological activity, e.g. staurosporine indicating antimicrobial, hypotensive, and cytotoxic activity,and acts as thrombocytes aggregation inhibitor and protein kinase inhibitor. Also, there are reportsof their application in herbicide and dye industries. Due to these findings, isoindolines receivedmuch attention from synthetic organic chemists, and thus new synthetic methods were developed.Most of the methods include phthalaldehyde and corresponding aliphatic and aromatic amines asstarting material. Products of these reactions are highly dependent on the reaction conditions, anddifferently substituted isoindolines are isolated. Synthetic methods starting from other compoundsinclude phthalonitrile, phthalanhydride and phthalaldehyde acid as well as multicomponent reactions.They are also applied as ligands in coordination chemistry, which enables the modelling ofthree-dimensional structures with desirable areal properties.