Interstratifications of talc and trioctahedral smectites from different provenances are used as indicators for geological environments and for geotechnical and technical applications. However, comprehensive layer characterization of these interstratifications is rare. Sample EX M 1694, a clay with red-beige appearance from the Madrid basin was studied by X-ray diffraction analysis, X-ray fluorescence analysis, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, simultaneous thermal analysis, gas adsorption measurements, cation exchange capacity, and environmental scanning electron microscopy. More than 95% of particles in EX M 1964 belong to the clay fraction <2 ???μm. It contains 75% interstratification of 30% turbostratic talc, and 70% saponite type III and 25% turbostratic talc. The turbostratic talc(0.3)/saponite interstratification is characterized by a low number of layers per stack (3), small lateral dimension of layers (60?￠????80 nm) and, accordingly, a high specific surface area (283 m 2 /g) with nearly equal surface area of micro- and mesopores. Thus, the studied material can be used as mined for adsorption, in contrast to acid-treated clays that produce hazardous waste during production. Low particle size of the interstratification drastically reduced thermal stability and dehydroxylation was superimposed by recrystallization of high temperature phases already at 816 ???°C, which is low for trioctahedral 2:1 layer minerals.
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机译：来自不同来源的滑石和三八面体蒙脱石的层间化被用作地质环境以及岩土和技术应用的指标。但是，这些层间的全面层表征很少见。通过X射线衍射分析，X射线荧光分析，傅立叶变换红外光谱，同时热分析，气体吸附测量，阳离子交换容量和环境对样品EX M 1694（马德里盆地的红米色外观）进行了研究。扫描电子显微镜。 EX M 1964中超过95％的颗粒属于<2μm的粘土。它包含30％的涡轮层滑石，75％的皂石类型III和25％的涡轮层滑石的75％层间化。透滑层滑石（0.3）/皂石的层间化特征是每叠层的层数少（3），层的横向尺寸小（60≤θ≤≤80nm），因此比表面积高（283）。 m 2 / g）具有几乎相等的微孔和中孔表面积。因此，与经酸处理的粘土在生产过程中产生有害废物相比，所研究的材料可直接用于吸附。层间相的低粒径使热稳定性和脱羟基作用大大降低，这是由于已经在816℃的高温相重结晶而产生的，这对于三八面体2：1层矿物来说是低的。
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