ANALISIS DESKRIPTIF KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN DI DAERAH TERTINGGAL, PERBATASAN, KEPULAUAN DAN TERPENCIL (DTPK-T)

摘要

AbstrakDalam Renstra Kementerian Kesehatan RI tahun 2009-2014 prioritas kesehatan antara lain peningkatan pelayanan kesehatan di DTPK dan meningkatkan penyehatan dan pengawasan kualitas lingkungan. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran status kesehatan lingkungan penduduk yang tinggal di DTPK-T. Sampel berasal dari 199 kabupaten (kab) daerah tertinggal, 20 kab/kota daerah perbatasan, 19 kab/kota daerah kepulauan dan 35 kab daerah terpencil. Hasil penelitian rumah tangga yang mempunyai akses yang baik terhadap air bersih di daerah kepulauan 58,6%, di daerah tertinggal 51,9%. Akses rumah tangga terhadap jamban paling tinggi di daerah kepulauan (42,4%) dan daerah terpencil (34,7%). Kepadatan hunian rumah di daerah terpencil sangat rendah (74,6%). Jenis lantai rumah bukan tanah paling banyak di daerah perbatasan dan tertinggal (83%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan akses rumah tangga terhadap air bersih paling baik di daerah kepulauan dan daerah tertinggal serta di kab bukan daerah tertinggal, akses rumah tangga terhadap jamban paling tinggi di daerah kepulauan dan daerah terpencil serta di kab bukan daerah tertinggal. Secara keseluruhan status kesehatan lingkungan yang baik banyak ditemukan di daerah kepulauan (58,6%). Diperlukan kebijakan yang lebih khusus untuk peningkatan status kesehatan masyarakat yang tinggal di daerah tertinggal, perbatasan, kepulauan dan terpencil (DTPK-T), program peningkatan perpipaan air bersih untuk menjangkau rumah tangga yang berada di DTPK-T dan program jambanisasi untuk seluruh rumah tangga di DTPK-T.Kata kunci : kesehatan lingkungan, daerah tertinggal, perbatasan, kepulauan, terpencil.AbstractIn Strategic Plan of Ministry of Health year 2009-2014, health priority, among others are to increase health service enhanced at DTPK and health restructure and environment quality supervision. This study aims to detect environment health status description of society who live in DTPK-T. Sample are from 199 less development district area, 20 borderlands district/city area, 19 archipelagoes district/city area and 35 purilieus/remote district. The result shows that households which have good access towards clean water is at archipelagoes district/city area (58.6%) and less development area (51.9%). The highest rate of household access towards lavatory is at archipelago area (42.4%) and purilieus (34.7%). The lowest house dwelling density is at purilieus/remote area (74.6%). House floor type of not soil most is at borderland and less development area (83%). The result of the study shows that the access of household towards clean water best is at archipelago area and less development area and at development district area, the highest rate of household access towards lavatory is at archipelago area and purilieus and also at development district area. Overall good environmental health status are found in the archipelago area (58,6%). It is suggested to have more special policy to enhance health status of community who live in less development district area, borderland, archipelago and remote area (DTPK-T), program to enhance clean water piping to reache out for household reside in DTPK-T and lavatory programming to entire households at DTPK-T.Keywords : environment of health, less development area, borderland area, archipelago area, remote area.