Protective Effects of Aliskiren, Enalapril and Valsartan on Hypertension Target Organs in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

摘要

Protective Effects of Aliskiren, Enalapril and Valsartan on Hypertension Target Organs in Spontaneously Hypertensive RatsAim: Aliskiren is the first orally active renin inhibitor approved for treatment of essential hypertension. There are as yet no clinical data regarding the ability of aliskiren to prevent clinical end-points or reduce end-organ damage over and above the presumed effects of blood pressure reduction. The aim of this study was to find out if aliskiren has a potential to improve renal function and if it has a protective effect on hypertension target organs (kidney, heart and aorta).Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 64 SHR rats (male and female), 20 weeks old, weighing from 250-300 g. Animals were divided into 4 groups and treated with aliskiren (100 mg/kg bw/24 h), enalapril (10 mg/kg bw/24 h) and valsartan (10 mg/kg bw/24 h). Effects of investigated drugs were evaluated by urinalysis and histopathological analysis.Results: Diuresis was significantly increased in the group of animals treated with enalapril and valsartan. Effect on diuresis with aliskiren was mild and statistically insignificant. No significant difference in urine pH between treated and control group of SHR rats was noted. Albuminuria was decreased in animals treated with enalapril and valsartan. Aliskiren after 28 days of treatment had a statistically insignificant effect on albuminuria in SHR rats. Only certain changes of wall thickness of arteries and arterioles were noted that led to improved perfusion and function of the kidneys more pronounced in rats treated with valsartan and enalapril. Effects of aliskiren on target organs were inferior compared to valsartan and enalapril.Conclusion: In SHR experimental model aliskiren has minor effects on hypertension target organs when compared to enalapril and valsaratan.