Influence of the Periodicity of Sinusoidal Boundary Condition on the Unsteady Mixed Convection within a Square Enclosure Using an Ag?￠????Water Nanofluid

摘要

A numerical study of the unsteady mixed convection heat transfer characteristics of an Ag?￠????water nanofluid confined within a square shape lid-driven cavity has been carried out. The Galerkin weighted residual of the finite element method has been employed to investigate the effects of the periodicity of sinusoidal boundary condition for a wide range of Grashof numbers ( Gr ) (10 5 to 10 7 ) with the parametric variation of sinusoidal even and odd frequency, N , from 1 to 6 at different instants (for ???? = 0.1 and 1). It has been observed that both the Grashof number and the sinusoidal even and odd frequency have a significant influence on the streamlines and isotherms inside the cavity. The heat transfer rate enhanced by 90% from the heated surface as the Grashof number ( Gr ) increased from 10 5 to 10 7 at sinusoidal frequency N = 1 and ???? = 1.