Unsubstituted β-Alkyl Aspartates as Highly Biodegradable and Almost Nontoxic Surfactants

摘要

Zwitterionic surfactants—β-alkyl aspartates are prepared by the addition reaction of ammonia to alkyl maleates. Factors are discussed that influence the quality and yields of obtained β-alkyl aspartates. Structures of obtained surfactants are confirmed by 1H NMR and IR spectra. The applicability of these materials is characterized by evaluation of their surface activity, toxicity and biodegradability.