Global climate change, its impact on stable food production in the future and possibilities to overcome the problem are the major priorities for research. Breeding varieties with increase adaptability to changing environments, together with better tolerance/resistance to abiotic stress, pest and diseases are possible solution. Maize is one of the most important crops, with high grain yield reduction induced by drought stress. In the present study twenty-six maize landraces from drought tolerant mini-core collection were tested under optimal, drought, and a combination of drought and high density stresses in the field. Morphological traits, plant height, total number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, anthesis-silking interval and grain yield were recorded for each entry in two replications in three experiments. Besides, drought tolerant indices were evaluated to test the ability to separate more drought tolerant accessions from those with less stress tolerance. Five stress tolerance indices, including stress tolerance index (STI), mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress susceptibility (SSI), and stress tolerance (TOL) were calculated. Data analyses revealed that STI, MP and GMP had positive and significant correlations with grain yield under all conditions. Three-dimensional diagrams displayed assignment of landraces L25, L1, L14, L3, L26, L15 and L16 to group A, based on the stress tolerance index and achieved grain yield under optimal, drought stress, and a combination of drought and high density stress. A biplot analysis efficiently separated groups of landraces with different level of drought tolerance and grain yield. Based on all obtained results, maize landraces L25, L14, L1 and L3, as the most valuable source of drought tolerance, could be recommended for further use in breeding programs. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR31028: Exploitation of maize diversity to improve grain quality and drought tolerance]
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机译：全球气候变化，其对未来稳定食品生产的影响以及克服该问题的可能性是研究的主要重点。解决方案可以提高对不断变化的环境的适应性以及对非生物胁迫，害虫和疾病的更好的耐受性。玉米是最重要的作物之一，由于干旱胁迫导致玉米减产。在本研究中，在最佳，干旱以及干旱和高密度胁迫相结合的田间条件下，对耐旱微型核心品种的26个玉米地方品种进行了测试。在三个实验中，两次重复记录每个条目的形态特征，植株高度，叶片总数，叶片长度，叶片宽度，花期和颖果间隔时间以及籽粒产量。此外，评估了耐旱指数，以测试将更多耐旱种与较低耐逆性种分离的能力。计算了五个压力耐受指数，包括压力耐受指数（STI），平均生产率（MP），几何平均生产率（GMP），应力敏感性（SSI）和应力耐受性（TOL）。数据分析表明，在所有条件下，STI，MP和GMP与谷物产量呈正相关和显着相关。三维图显示了在最佳，干旱胁迫以及干旱和高密度胁迫的组合下，基于胁迫耐受指数和获得的籽粒产量，将地方品种L25，L1，L14，L3，L26，L15和L16分配给A组。双图分析有效地分离了具有不同水平的耐旱性和谷物产量的地方品种组。根据所有获得的结果，可以建议将玉米本地品种L25，L14，L1和L3作为最有价值的抗旱来源，以便在育种计划中进一步使用。 [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije，br。 TR31028：开发玉米品种以提高谷物品质和抗旱性]
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