As a result of scarce vegetation cover that can alter the movement of wind, dryland areas are predominantly windy. Harsh winds can remove moisture from plants, soils and the micro climate. Wind can also be an agent of soils erosion and land degradation. Agricultural production systems, local ecology, living conditions, etc. can often be improved by planting trees as windbreaks and shelterbelts. Research findings indicated that windbreaks as part of their ecological role, have contributed to the increase crop yields by 25%, pasture yields by 20-30%, and dairy milk production have exhibited a 10-20% improvement. This approach has also a tremendous positive impact on the wellbeing of wildlife as it will help in giving food, cover and space to wild animals. Apart from this, windbreaks can also be a viable source of edible fruits, honey, firewood, fodder and timber. Hence, the conservation of remaining vegetation in the environment and the establishment of windbreaks and shelterbelts will help to increase agricultural productivity and biodiversity benefits for the agrarian communities. Since this and other ecological functions have a paramount importance, the role of trees as windbreaks and shelterbelts needs to be further considered and properly understood. Therefore, this paper is aimed at exploring the ecological role of trees as windbreaks and shelterbelts their benefits for increased agricultural production and maintaining biodiversity.
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