Wireless sensor network (WSN) has enormous applications in many places for monitoring the environmentsof importance. Sensor nodes are capable of sensing, computing, and communicating. These sensor nodesare energy constraint and operated by batteries. Since energy consumption is an important issue of WSN,there have been many energy-efficient protocols proposed for the WSN. Directed diffusion (DD) is a datacentricprotocol that focuses on the energy efficiency of the networks. Since the first proposal of DDprotocol by Deborah, there have been various versions of DD protocols proposed by many scientists acrossthe globe. These upgraded versions of DD protocols add on various features to the original DD protocolsuch as energy, scalability, network lifetime, security, reliability, and mobility. In this paper, we discussand classify various characteristics of themost populardirected diffusion protocols that have been proposedover couple of years.
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