Endosymbiotic Actinidic Archaeal Synthesis of Pyruvate from Cholesterol and the GABA Shunt Pathway Regulates Cell Function

摘要

Aims and Objectives: Endomyocardial fibrosis along with the root wilt disease of coconut is endemic to Kerala with its radioactive actinide beach sands. Actinides like rutile as well as organisms like phytoplasmas and viroids have been implicated in the etiology of these diseases. Cholesterol catabolites have been related to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, malignancy, metabolic syndrome x, autoimmune disease and neuronal degeneration. The possibility of cholesterol catabolism synthesis by actinide based primitive organism like archaea generating pyruvate and its subsequent channeling to the GABA shunt pathway was evaluated in these disease states. Methodology: Plasma from fasting heparinised blood was used and the experimental protocol was as follows (I) Plasma+phosphate buffered saline, (II) same as I+cholesterol substrate, (III) same as II+rutile 0.1 mg/ml, (IV) same as II+ciprofloxacine and doxycycline each in a concentration of 1 mg/ml. The following estimations were carried out:- Cytochrome F420, pyruvate, H2O2, ammonia and glutamate. Results: Plasma of control subjects showed increased levels of the above mentioned parameters with after incubation for 1 hour and addition of cholesterol substrate resulted in still further significant increase in these parameters. The plasma of patients showed similar results but the extent of increase was more. The addition of antibiotics to the control plasma caused a decrease in all the parameters while addition of rutile increased their levels. The addition of antibiotics and rutile to the patient’s plasma produced the same changes but the extent of change was more in patient’s sera as compared to controls. Conclusion: An actinide dependent shadow biosphere of archaea and viroids in the above mentioned disease states is described. The archaeal cholesterol oxidase converts cholesterol to pyruvate which enters the GABA shunt pathway. This metabolic pathway is crucial in neuroimmunoendocrine integration and plays a role in the pathogenesis of these disease states.