Comparative Antioxidant Potential of Leaves and Fruit Extracts of Terminalia bellerica Roxb from Himachal Pradesh

摘要

In Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), pollution was detected from Lake Qarun, Wadi El-Rayan and Fish Farm at Fayoum Governorate, Egypt using RAPD-PCR and histopathological technique. The effective number of alleles was detected in Wadi El-Rayan population, while the lowest values were found in Lake Qarun population. Lake Qarun and Fish Farm showed closest genetic identity of (0.8775) and farthest genetic distance of (0.4102 and 0.3521, respectively) from Wadi El-Rayan where they are more polluted than Wadi El-Rayan. Clear histopathological changes were appeared in fish gills of Lake Qarun and Fish Farm and slight in Wadi El- Rayan. The liver of Wadi El-Rayan fish showed more or less normal architecture. Brownish hemosiderin granules engulfed by melanomacrophage cells were observed in liver of Lake Qarun and Fish Farm fish. Glomeruli and tubules of the posterior kidney in Wadi El-Rayan fish exhibited less damage in compared to the Fish Farm and Lake Qarun fish.