Association of Apolipoprotein E, Methylenetetrahydrofolate genotypes, Lipids levels and Alzheimer disease in an Algerian Population”

摘要

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of neurodegenerative dementia and affects up to 15 million people worldwide. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between apolipoprotein E, methylenetetrahydrofolate genotypes and lipids as risk factors for Alzheimer disease in a population-based Cross-sectional study of ageing living in Constantine, Algeria. Of an original sample of 187 referrals to a neurology clinic, 63 were given a diagnosis of AD (mean age 73, 47 ± 7, 61 years, mean MMSE 20.0 + 5.7) according to (DSM IV - NINCDS – ADRDA) criteria; and 124 cognitively normal subjects (mean age 67,17 ± 10,84 years). The ApoE allele frequencies of AD cases and controls were 5.5% vs. 7.2% for ε2, 63.5% vs. 83.9% for ε3 and 31% vs. 8.9% for ε4. The AD patients compared with controls subjects had significantly higher mean of total Cholesterol (TC) (191 ± 37 mg/dl vs. 175 ± 37mg/dl, p<0.05), LDL-C (122 ± 29 mg/dl vs. 110 ± 32 mg/dl, p<0.05) levels in men and lower HDL cholesterol with mean values of (37 ± 08 mg/dl vs. 44 ± 07 mg/dl, p<0.05) in men and (42 ± 08 mg/dl vs. 47 ± 08 mg/dl, p<0.05) in women respectively, whereas the triglycerides mean values were no significant in our study population. The carriers of allele ε4 and ε3/ε4 subjects compared with ε3/ε3 are associated with an increased incidence of AD with odds ratio of 5.01[95%CI, 2.36 to 10.71] p<0.001 and 3.86 [95%CI, 1.72 to 8.72] p<0.001, respectively. These results indicated that AD patients with APOE-ε4 allele have a distinct plasma lipid profile and carrier of this allele with high (TC), LDL-C and low levels of HDL-C may be more susceptible to AD. No significant association of MTHFR C677T allele and genotype with AD was observed in total samples.