Malaria epidemiology in changing scenario and anopheles vector in Ghaziabad district, Uttar Pradesh, India

摘要

In the past few decades, there have been change in the malaria distribution pattern due to severalenvironmental and manmade conditions including developmental activities. Ghaziabad district, UttarPradesh adjoining the capital of India, Delhi once has rural malaria epidemic, but due to developmentalactivities by urbanization the breeding patterns of Anopheles is changing resulting in changed malariatransmission dynamics. Vector incrimination using ELISA and its confirmation by PCR is done to knowthe malaria transmission potential of Anopheles mosquito. Only 2.62 % mosquitoes collected wereAnopheles spp. along with Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes spp. 1.17% anopheles mosquitoes werefound infected with Plasmodium parasite as detected by ELISA of which 0.58% were confirmed by PCR.Reportedly An. culicifacies acting as vector of malaria since 1976. It is still doing its part in transmissionwhile urban vector An. stephensi which appeared around 2005 is slowly becoming a major vector formalaria transmission in rural as well as urban along with peri-urban.