Evaluation of Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars Response to Salinity Stress Through Greenhouse Experiment and Tissue Culture Technique

摘要

The response to salinity stress of 4 rice cultivars was evaluated through a greenhouse experiment and a tissue culture technique at Agricultural College, Mazandaran University, Sari, Iran, during 2003. In the first experiment, carried out at seedling stage, three salinity levels (0, 75 and 150 mmol NaCl) were used, pots arranged as a split plot based on completely randomized design with four replications and traits including seedling dry weight, wet weight, shoot length and root length were measured. In the second experiment, cultivars were callus induced trough the seed culture and calli placed in LS mediums containing four salinity levels (0, 75, 112.5 and 150 mmol NaCl). The experimental lay-out was factorial based on completely randomized design with 6 replications and callus volume of cultivars was measured according to Hooker and Nabors scale. The results indicated that all cultivars were influenced by increasing salinity level from 0 to 150 mmol NaCl in all traits. Tichung-65 distinguished the most salt-tolerant cultivar, showed the lowest reduction in evaluated traits by increasing salinity stress, whereas Tarom chaloosi was the salt-sensitive one. Moreover, cultivars including Tarom chaloosi and Binam chaloosi, exhibiting low salt tolerance characteristic in seedling stage generated tolerant calli through tissue culture technique as the salinity level increased from 0 to 150 mmol NaCl.