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Examples of Non-Constructive Proofs in Quantum Theory

机译:量子理论中非构造证明的例子

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Unlike mathematics, in which the notion of truth might be abstract, in physics, the emphasis must be placed on algorithmic procedures for obtaining numerical results subject to the experimental verifiability. For, a physical science is exactly that: algorithmic procedures (built on a certain mathematical formalism) for obtaining verifiable conclusions from a set of basic hypotheses. By admitting non-constructivist statements, a physical theory loses its concrete applicability and thus verifiability of its predictions. Accordingly, the requirement of constructivism must be indispensable to any physical theory. Nevertheless, in at least some physical theories, and especially in quantum mechanics, one can find examples of non-constructive statements. The present paper demonstrates a couple of such examples dealing with macroscopic quantum states (i.e., with the applicability of the standard quantum formalism to macroscopic systems). As it is shown, in these examples the proofs of the existence of macroscopic quantum states are based on logical principles allowing one to decide the truth of predicates over an infinite number of things.
机译:与数学不同,在数学中,真理的概念可能是抽象的,在物理学中,必须将重点放在通过实验可验证性获得数值结果的算法程序上。因为,一门物理科学正是这样:用于从一组基本假设中获得可验证结论的算法程序(基于某种数学形式主义)。通过接受非建构主义的陈述,物理理论失去了其具体的适用性,从而丧失了其预测的可验证性。因此,建构主义的要求对于任何物理理论都是必不可少的。然而,至少在某些物理理论中,尤其是在量子力学中,人们可以找到非构造性陈述的例子。本论文演示了几个有关宏观量子态的例子(即标准量子形式论对宏观系统的适用性)。如图所示,在这些示例中,宏观量子态存在的证明是基于逻辑原理的,该逻辑原理使人们可以确定无数事物上谓词的真实性。

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