Antimony Oxide-Doped 0.99Pb(Zr 0.53 Ti 0.47 )O 3 –0.01Bi(Y 1? x Sb x )O 3 Piezoelectric Ceramics for Energy-Harvesting Applications

摘要

The effects of doping antimony oxides (Sb 2 O 3 /Sb 2 O 5 ) on the ferroelectric/piezoelectric and energy-harvesting properties of 0.99Pb(Zr 0.53 Ti 0.47 )O 3 –0.01BiYO 3 (PZT–BY) have been studied. The feasibility of doping Sb 2 O 3 and Sb 2 O 5 into the PZT–BY ceramics has also been compared by considering factors such as sintering condition, grain size, density, and electrical properties etc. This work discusses a detailed experimental observation using Sb 2 O 3 , because Sb 2 O 5 is relatively expensive and does not follow the stoichiometric reaction mechanism when doped in PZT–BY. The Sb 2 O 3 -doped specimens were well sintered by oxygen-rich sintering and reached a maximum density of 99.1% of the theoretical value. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed a complete solid solution for all the specimens. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation revealed that the addition of Sb 2 O 3 inhibits grain growth, and exhibits a denser and finer microstructure. The 0.1 moles of Sb 2 O 3 -doped ceramic shows a sharp decrease in the dielectric constant ( ε 33 T = 690), while the piezoelectric charge constant ( d 33 ) and electromechanical coupling factor ( k p ) maintained high values of 350 pC/N and 66.0% respectively. The relatively higher value of d 33 and lower ε 33 T of the 0.99Pb(Zr 0.53 Ti 0.47 )O 3 –0.01Bi(Y 0.9 Sb 0.1 )O 3 ceramic resulted in an optimum value of piezoelectric voltage constant ( g 33 = 57.4 × 10 ?3 Vm/N) and a high figure of merit ( d 33 × g 33 = 20075 × 10 ?15 m 2 /N). These values are high compared to recently reported works. Therefore, Sb 2 O 3 -doped PZT–BY ceramic could be a promising candidate material for the future study of power-harvesting devices.