Morpho-Physiological Behaviour of Four Genotypes of Durum Wheat ( Triticum durum Desf .) Grown under Different Levels of Water Stress

摘要

As part of a struggle against drought and its adverse effects on agricultural production particularly cereals and in order to understand the effect of water stress and to identify or discriminate the most resistant variety to the water deficit. The adaptation of durum wheat varieties drought is expressed by its ability to maintain a satisfactory level of main factors: physiological, morphological and biochemical. The study is focused on four varieties of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) under different levels of water stress (35 %, 25%, 15% and 10% of the field capacity) and 100% of the field capacity (Terms of normal irrigation). The assays are performed by measuring sheet states five morpho-physiological parameters (leaf area, relative water content and pigments of chlorophyll content) and biochemical parameters of the assay (soluble sugar and proline). The three varieties manifest an almost similar behaviour via- à-via to the stress applied; varieties marked high levels of most osmoticums studied a net increase of proline and total of sugars soluble are distinguished of: Sémito, Bidi17 and Citra respectively, against a low content of this osmoticums in Wahbi. Therefore are tolerant varieties compared to Wahbi Durum wheat actually manifest traits of morpho-physiological and biochemical adaptation to deficit conditions.