Plant Tissue Culture Technique as a Novel Tool in Plant Breeding: A Review Article

摘要

As enabling and emerging technology, plant tissue culture techniques have been developed andused as a novel tool to assist plant breeders in crop improvement perspectives. These novel tools can be usedto either increase the speed and/or the efficiency of breeding process in order to improve the accessibility ofexisting germplasm and to create new genetic variation for crop improvement as well as to be able to achievethe objective which is not possible through conventional breeding methods. These include eradication ofpathogens from planting materials, removal of sexual incompatibility by embryo rescue technique, somatichybridization through protoplast technology, gene transformation in transgenic technology, production ofhaploids via anther culture and most importantly the induction of new genetic variability through somaclonalvariation and selection of desirable agronomic traits. Thus, plant tissue culture technology has a vast potentialto produce plants of superior quality and selection of useful variants in well adapted high yielding genotypeswith better disease resistance and stress tolerance capacities.