Evaluation of antagonistic fungi against charcoal rot of sunflower caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid.

摘要

In vitro, sensitivity ofMacrophomina phaseolina(Tassi) Goid determined through inhibition zone technique to various antagonistic fungi viz.,Aspergillus niger,Aspergillus flavus,Trichoderma viride,Trichoderma harzianumandPenicilliumcapsulatumamended into PDA medium. All the antagonists reduced the colony growth ofM. Phaseolinasignificantly compared to the controlA. flavuswas proved to be the most effective (66.00%) in reducing the colony growth ofM. Phaseolinafollowed byA. niger(55.55%),T. viride(51.11%),T. harzianum(26.67%) andP.capsulatum(11.11%) respectively over control.A. flavusdue to it antifungal metabolites activities was the most effective whileP. capsulatumwas the least effective. Seeds of four varieties treated with the culture ofA. flavus,A. niger,T.virideandP. capsulatumand there combinations were sown in pots having infested soil (M. phaseolina). Results showed reduction in disease incidence of charcoal rot on sunflower cultivar G-66 with antagonist,A. flavus(100%) followed byA. niger(64.86%)P. capsulatum(63.79%) andT. viride(31.89%) over control. Decrease in disease incidence over control was 100% where seed was treated with combination ofA. nigerandA. flavuswhileA. nigerandT. viridecombination was least effective on G-66 (30.80%). All antagonists reduced the disease incidence on G-66 (Highly resistant), HRBS-1, (Resistant), G-72 (Moderately susceptible) and G-51 (susceptible) but were most effective on highly resistant variety (G-66) while least effective on susceptible variety (G-51).