Evaluation of habitat and bio-diversity in landscape planning process: Example of Su?la Lake and its surrounding area, Konya, Turkey

摘要

Landscape planning is a tool that creates a balance between human and nature in terms of protection and improvement. With the use of landscape ecology based approaches in landscape planning process, from the point of structure, function and changes of the landscapes, planning decisions can be taken more easily and scientifically. Within this concept, it is important to examine the function of habitat and bio-diversity of the landscape in order to state the function of landscape in landscape planning. The purpose of this study is to state the habitat and bio-diversity function of landscape within the scope of landscape planning in Lake Sugla and its surrounding area and to develop planning decisions in terms of protection-utilization. The habitat and bio-diversity function of the landscape has been formed by using the patch corridor matrix model and field researches in geographical information system (GIS) environment. While habitat function is evaluated according to the measure and number of patch, the shape of patch, the side of patch and patch classifications in terms of core areas, species diversity is taken into consideration in bio-diversity function. As a result of the study in which data entry analysis and evaluation and geographic information system are used, it has been stated that the mixed patch class consisting of coniferous and leafy plants, is pointed as very high habitat function areas, leafy plants patch class is pointed as high habitat function areas, mixed coniferous patch class consisting of various coniferous plants is pointed as medium habitat function areas and single coniferous patch class is pointed as low habitat function areas. The bio-diversity function has been pointed with the use of books and articles and field studies that have been carried out at different times. The areas that have high habitat and bio-diversity function show parallelism with each other. Moreover, evaluation of both functions has shed light on the forest patches that should be given priority to be protected. The methodology approach which is the first landscape planning study that is based on landscape functions in our country, has been in use both in various regions of our country and various regions of different countries.