To study the toxicity of extracts of Ginkgo biloba sarcotesta to Oncomelania hupensis , snails were exposed to 40% and 80% of 24 h LC50 of the extract of Ginkgo bilba for 24 h, C holine esterase (ChE), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase ( ALP ) , lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), succino dehydrogenase (SDH), malic dehydrogenase (MDH) activities in cephalopodium and liver were determined by enzyme kinetic assay. Arecoline and niclosamide were used as reference molluscicides. The results showed that sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba could inhibit ChE, ALT, ALP and MDH activities both in cephalopodium and liver; arecoline could inhibit ChE, ALP, SDH and MDH activities in cephalopodium and ChE, ALT, ALP, SDH and MDH activities in liver. Niclosamide had inhibitory effects upon ChE, ALT, ALP, SDH and MDH activity in cephalopodium, and ChE, ALT, ALP and SDH activities in liver. All three molluscicides did not inhibit LDH activity in cephalopodium and liver. These results indicate that the lethal effects of extracts of sarcotesta of ginkgo biloba are mediated via inhibition of MDH activity, and interference with NADH respiratory chains. Inhibition of vital enzymic mechanisms causes snails to die [ Acta Zoologica Sinica 53(1): 190–194, 2007].
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机译：为了研究银杏叶提取物对钉螺的毒性，将蜗牛分别暴露于银杏叶提取物的24 h LC 50 的40％和80％中，持续24 h，C胆碱酯酶（ChE）。用酶动力学测定法测定了头皮和肝脏中的丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT），碱性磷酸酶（ALP），乳酸脱氢酶（LDH），琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH），苹果酸脱氢酶（MDH）活性。槟榔碱和烟酰胺被用作参比杀软体动物剂。结果表明，银杏果肉质膜可抑制头皮和肝脏中的ChE，ALT，ALP和MDH活性。槟榔碱可抑制头足类动物的ChE，ALP，SDH和MDH活性以及肝脏中的ChE，ALT，ALP，SDH和MDH活性。尼氯酰胺对头皮中的ChE，ALT，ALP，SDH和MDH活性以及肝脏中的ChE，ALT，ALP和SDH有抑制作用。所有这三种杀软体动物剂均不抑制头足类和肝脏中的LDH活性。这些结果表明，银杏叶肉瘤提取物的致死作用是通过抑制MDH活性和干扰NADH呼吸链来介导的。关键酶机制的抑制导致蜗牛死亡[动物学报53（1）：190–194，2007]。
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