In vitro acaricidal effect of some crude extracts and essential oils of wild plants against certain tick species

摘要

Six crude wild plant extracts of Artemisia herba-alba Asso, Artemisia monosperma Del., Euphorbia aegyptiaca Boiss., Francoeuria crispa (Forsk.), Mesembryanthemum forskalii (Hochst) and Reaumuria hirtella (Jaub. and Spach), extracted with four solvents; hexan, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and ethanol were screened for acaricidal effect against the larvae of Hyalomma dromedarii Koch, 1844. Two crude wild plant extracts of Peganum harmala Linn. and Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. extracted with four solvent; petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol, were also evaluated against engorged females of Boophilus annulatus (Say, 1821). Additionally, two essential oils of wild plants, A. monosperma and Haplophyllum tuberculatum (Forsskal) were also tested against H. dromedarii larvae and Argas persicus (Oken, 1818) adults. Results showed that diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of A. herba-alba achieved the highest toxicity against larvae of H. dromedarii followed by A. monosperma, while hexane extract of A. monosperma gave the highest toxicity followed by M. forskalii and A. herba-alba. The effect of S. marianum extracts was temporary but P. harmala had a prolonged effect on B. annulatus females. Petroleum ether, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of P. harmala exhibited higher toxicity than S. marianum, while ethanol extracts showed the opposite. Larvae of H. dromedarii were most susceptible to A. monosperma and H. tuberculatum oils than adults of A. persicus.