Plasma Levels of Nitrite and Nitrate in Early and Recent Classes of Fish

摘要

ThestablemetaboliteofnitricoxideinplasmaisNOsubxmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.coms/"x/sub,thesumofnitriteplusnitrate.MeasuresofplasmaNOsubxmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.coms/"x/submayprovideinformationaboutthenitricoxidetonusoftheentireendotheliumincludingcapillarymicrovessels.Althoughdataareavailableformammalianspecies,plasmaNOsubxmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.coms/"x/submeasurementsinearlyvertebratespeciesarescarce.ThepurposeofthisstudywastotestthehypothesisthatplasmaNOsubxmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.coms/"x/subwouldbesimilartotheNOsubxmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.coms/"x/subinthewaterenvironmentforfishinearlyclasses(AgnathaandChondrichthye)andwouldexceedwaterNOsubxmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.coms/"x/sublevelsintheknownnitrite-sensitivefish(Osteichthye).Plasmasampleswereobtainedfrom18speciesofadultfish(n=167)andfromtheirhousingornaturalwaterenvironment.NOsubxmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.coms/"x/subwasmeasuredbyusingchemiluminescence.PlasmaNOsubxmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.coms/"x/subwasdetectedinallspeciesandrangedfrom0.5nmol/ml(skate)to453.9nmol/ml(shortnosegar).AverageplasmaNOsubxmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.coms/"x/subwassignificantlyhigherinsealampreythaninAtlantichagfishwhereasthatoflittleskatewas3-foldlowerthaninspinydogfishshark.PlasmaNOsubxmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.coms/"x/subdifferedsignificantlyamongearlybonyfish(paddlefish,pallidsturgeon,gar)yetwassimilaramongmodernbonyfish,withtheexceptionofrainbowtrout.PlasmaNOsubxmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.coms/"x/subreflectedwaterNOsubxmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.coms/"x/subinonly2species(hagfishandshark),andlevelsdidnotcoincidewithnitritesensitivity.ThisstudyprovidesanexpandedcomparativeviewofplasmaNOsubxmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.coms/"x/sublevelsacross3groupsofearlyfish.Thedataobtainedsuggestanitricoxidesysteminearlyandmodernfish.