Swiss Narcolepsy Scale: A simple screening tool for hypocretin-deficient narcolepsy with cataplexy

摘要

Introduction:Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological sleep disorder, the diagnosis of which is based upon clinical evaluation and additional paraclinical assessments. Awareness of narcolepsy is low and screening tools needed. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Ullanlinna Narcolepsy Scale (UNS), and more recently the Swiss Narcolepsy Scale (SNS) were used as screening tools for narcolepsy. The aims of the present study are (1) to assess the value of the SNS in a new series of patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy (NC), and (2) to compare its sensitivity and specificity with the ESS and UNS.Patients and Methods:We prospectively assessed by questionnaire patients with NC (n = 80, all with assessment of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypocretin-1 levels) and patients with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) of other origin (n = 111) in Zurich and Leiden. Causes of EDS included idiopathic hypersomnia (n = 12), behaviorally induced sleep insufficiency syndrome (n = 32), restless legs syndrome (n = 7), sleep-disor...