Consomme-t-on ce que l’on sème?? Relations entre diversité de la production, revenu agricole et diversité alimentaire au Burkina Faso

摘要

An increase of agricultural production could theoretically improve dietary diversity through two main pathways: self-consumption or purchase of more diverse foods thanks to a better agricultural income. However, in some Western African regions with relatively high level of agricultural production, a low diversity of food consumption has been observed. Our objective was to assess whether the dietary diversity of women was associated with the diversity of cultivated crops and/or with sales of agricultural production at the level of the farm household in rural Burkina Faso. A representative sample of 579 farm households in the Hauts-Bassins Region was surveyed at three different periods between May 2013 and January 2014. We estimated different indicators of agriculture diversity: the number of crop species, of local tree species in the farm plots, and of animals species. From a qualitative 24-hour recall of food consumption, we computed the dietary diversity score for women according to recent international recommendations (number of food groups consumed out of 10). This score was low and did not vary across seasons, but the food groups composing it changed. Results of a multiple regression showed that, in May and August 2013, women dietary diversity was not associated with the number of crops but with the number of local spared tree species. Sales value was weakly related with a better dietary diversity at all seasons, while the association was stronger with women agricultural (in May 2013) and non-agricultural incomes. At all seasons, women receiving cash transfers from the head of farm household had far higher dietary diversity scores than those who did not. Finally, women control over resources seems to better warrant women dietary diversity that the level of agricultural production at the farm household level.