ECOLOGICAL APPROACH ON SANITATION: COMPOSTING OF HUMAN EXCRETA USING BIOTOILET WITH LIGNOCELLULOSES WASTE MATERIAL AS MATRIX

摘要

AbstractThis study was aimed to evaluate the characteristic and prospect of lignocelluloseswaste material, i.e. mixtured wood sawdust as matrix in composting human excreta usingBiotoilet. Initially, 26.4 kg mixtured wood sawdust (+4/-32 mesh) moisture 11.84% wasfilled into Biotoilet chamber, and added with 20L tap water to achieve ±50% moisture.Mixer in Biotoilet was adjusted to run-on intermittently with interval 15 min, each for 2min, i.e. 1 min to clockwise and counter-clockwise, respectively. Exhaust fan with flow rateof 0.04m3.sec was operated continuously to ensure proper aeration. Human excreta wereloaded daily to Biotoilet chamber for 90 days which would be composted. Data showed thattemperature of composting system was 25.70-43.67-1C. Moisture was 22.27-53.20% and pH6.20-7.00. C/N ratio composted residual sawdust was 25:1. Ash, N, P, and K content were11.78; 1.78; 0.85; and 0.95%, respectively. Bad odor was not created during composting. Itwas concluded mixtured wood sawdust could be used as matrix for composting humanexcreta. The compost could be categorized into Class-A that safe for food and non-foodplant. Application of mixture wood sawdust as matrix in Biotoilet for composting humanexcreta could improve sanitation, prevent water degradation, at once increase soil qualityfor agricultural.