Vitamin A Supplementation Coverage in Relationship to Household Characteristics and Access to Health Care Among Children Under Five Years Old in Indonesia Data Analyzed of Baseline Health Research 2010

摘要

Background: High-dose vitamin A supplementation twice a year to children 6–59 months old in vitamin A defi cient areas has been studied to reduce under-fi ve mortality by 23%. Vitamin A defi ciency increases the risk of death associated with infectious diseases due to lower immune system of the body. Vitamin A supplementation program has been implemented in Indonesia with varying coverage. Many factors of residence, family characteristics, and family access to health services are expected to have association with high coverage of vitamin A supplementation. Objective: To assess the varying coverage of vitamin A supplementation in children 12–59 months old in association with child residence, family characteristics, and family access to health services in Indonesia. Methods: The study used secondary data of Baseline Health Research 2010. A cross-sectional nationwide health study includes information on whether children received vitamin A capsules in the last six months was conducted in 2010 in all-over Indonesia. A total of 16,955 children aged 12–59 months we included nationwide using probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling technique. A multivariate logistic regression was used to measure the risk of receiving vitamin A capsule associated with residence, family characteristics and access to health services. Results: Vitamin A supplementation coverage among children was 70.5% varies among provinces, higher in urban (75.3%) than in rural areas (65.6%). Most of the vitamin A supplementation coverage was achieved through Posyandu (Community Health Post). Multivariate logistic regression analysis reveals that the risk of children not receiving high-dose vitamin A capsules in the last six months are signifi cantly associated (CI ± 95%) with children living in rural areas (AOR = 1.353), household head of woman (AOR = 0.799), head education of household junior high school or less (AOR = 1.262), do not know the location of community health center (AOR = 1.260), private service of physician (AOR = 1.233), private service of midwife (AOR = 1.258), posyandu (AOR = 1.267), and does not attend monthly posyandu activities (AOR = 1.735). The Marital status, age, and occupation of household head were not signifi cant to simultaneously. Conclusion: High coverage of vitamin A supplementation was achieved through Posyandu (Community Heath Post). Multivariate logistic regression analysis reveals that the risk of children not receiving high-dose vitamin A are not associated with marital status, age, and occupation of household head