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首页> 外文期刊>BMC research notes >Effects of environmental stress on mRNA expression levels of seven genes related to oxidative stress and growth in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. of farmed, hybrid and wild origin
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Effects of environmental stress on mRNA expression levels of seven genes related to oxidative stress and growth in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. of farmed, hybrid and wild origin

机译:环境胁迫对养殖,杂种和野生来源大西洋鲑Salmo salar L.中七个与氧化胁迫和生长相关的基因的mRNA表达水平的影响

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摘要

Background Ten generations of domestication selection has caused farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. to deviate from wild salmon in a range of traits. Each year hundreds of thousands of farmed salmon escape into the wild. Thus, interbreeding between farmed escapees and wild conspecifics represents a significant threat to the genetic integrity of wild salmon populations. In a previous study we demonstrated how domestication has inadvertently selected for reduced responsiveness to stress in farmed salmon. To complement that study, we have evaluated the expression of seven stress-related genes in head kidney of salmon of farmed, hybrid and wild origin exposed to environmentally induced stress. Results In general, the crowding stressor used to induce environmental stress did not have a strong impact on mRNA expression levels of the seven genes, except for insulin-like growth factor- 1 ( IGF-1 ) that was downregulated in the stress treatment relative to the control treatment. mRNA expression levels of glutathione reductase ( GR ), Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase ( Cu / Zn SOD ), Mn superoxide dismutase ( Mn SOD ), glutathione peroxidase ( GP ) and IGF - 1 were affected by genetic origin, thus expressed significantly different between the salmon of farmed, hybrid or wild origin. A positive relationship was detected between body size of wild salmon and mRNA expression level of the IGF - 1 gene, in both environments. No such relationship was observed for the hybrid or farmed salmon. Conclusion Farmed salmon in this study displayed significantly elevated mRNA levels of the IGF - 1 gene relative to the wild salmon, in both treatments, while hybrids displayed a non additive pattern of inheritance. As IGF - 1 mRNA levels are positively correlated to growth rate, the observed positive relationship between body size and IGF - 1 mRNA levels detected in the wild but neither in the farmed nor the hybrid salmon, could indicate that growth selection has increased IGF-1 levels in farmed salmon to the extent that they may not be limiting growth rate.
机译:背景技术十代驯化选择已使养殖的大西洋鲑鱼Salmo salar L.偏离了一系列特征的野生鲑鱼。每年都有成千上万的鲑鱼逃逸到野外。因此,养殖逃生者与野生种之间的杂交对野生鲑鱼种群的遗传完整性构成了重大威胁。在先前的研究中,我们证明了驯化是如何无意中选择的,以降低养殖鲑鱼对压力的反应能力。为了补充这项研究,我们评估了养殖,杂种和野生来源的鲑鱼的头肾中七个与胁迫相关的基因在环境诱导的胁迫下的表达。结果总的来说,用于诱发环境压力的拥挤压力源对七个基因的mRNA表达水平没有强烈影响,除了在压力处理中胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)相对于压力处理被下调外。对照治疗。谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR),铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(铜/锌超氧化物歧化酶),锰超氧化物歧化酶(Mn SOD),谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GP)和IGF-1的mRNA表达水平受遗传起源的影响,两者之间的表达差异显着。养殖,杂交或野生来源的鲑鱼。在两种环境中,野生鲑鱼的体型与IGF-1基因的mRNA表达水平之间均呈正相关。对于杂种鲑鱼或养殖鲑鱼没有观察到这种关系。结论本研究中的养殖鲑鱼在两种处理中均显示出相对于野生鲑鱼而言,IGF-1基因的mRNA水平显着升高,而杂种则表现出非加性遗传模式。由于IGF-1 mRNA水平与生长速度呈正相关,因此观察到的体型与在野生环境中但在养殖鲑鱼和杂交鲑鱼中均未检测到的IGF-1 mRNA水平呈正相关,这可能表明生长选择增加了IGF-1养殖鲑鱼的水平可能不会限制生长速度。

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