Genetic divergence and principle component analysis in upland rainfed rice ( Oryza sativa L.)

摘要

Genetic divergence and principle component analysis were worked out in 73 upland rainfed ricegenotypes consisting traditional varieties, local selections, advanced breeding lines and popular varieties forupland rainfed ecology from different regions of India. Based on ten agro-morphological characters, thesegenotypes were grouped into nine clusters. The composition of different clusters varied from 1 to 23genotypes. The maximum number of genotypes (23) was grouped in cluster IV followed by cluster V, I, VIII,II, IX, III, VI and I. Local selection from Marathwada region of Maharashtra exhibited maximum diversityand were represented in all the clusters except cluster VII. However, no parallelism was observed betweengeographic diversity and genetic diversity. Days to 50% flowering contributed maximum towards geneticdivergence (40.64%) followed by effective tillers per m2 (12.21%), yield per hectare (11.72%), spikeletfertility (10.69%) and plant height (8.98%). These could form the basis for selection of parents from distantlypaced cluster to obtain high heterotic combinations. Six principle components, accounting 92.78 of totalvariance were obtained from principle component analysis. First three PCs i.e. PC I, PC II and PC III,contributed 28.71, 20.57 and 14.81% of total variance with the discriminating power of 2.87, 2.57 and 1.48,respectively.