Accountability Gap: Autonomous Weapon Systems and Modes of Responsibility in International Law

摘要

The challenges that are posed by AWS as far as accountability of violations is concerned must be taken seriously. This is so because accountability is the crux of International Law—without accountability, we may as well forget about it. Not only does accountability counter impunity, it is the basis on which victims of international crime, violations of International Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law realize their right to a remedy. Where a victim's right is violated, he or she must be able to find a remedy through state responsibility, individual and command responsibility, civil and criminal responsibility of corporations. All these forms of responsibility are complementary to each other, each being important in its own right and therefore not alternatives to the exclusion of the other.~(382) AWS—those with full autonomy or high levels of autonomy to the extent of no "Meaningful Human Control" after deployment—create accountability gaps in terms of individual criminal responsibility of weapon users.