INVESTIGATION OF KARYOTYPE OF THE BLUE HONEYSUCKLE (Lonicera SUBSECT. Caeruleae, Caprifoliaceae)

摘要

For the first time karyotypes of diploid (2n = 2x = 18) and tetraploid (2n = 4x = 36) species of Lonicera subsect. Caeruleae: L. altaica Pall., L. boczkarnikowii Plekh. (L, regeliana Boczkarn.), L. edulis Turcz. ex Freyn (2x, 4x), L. emphyllocalyx Maxim., L. iliensis Pojark., L. kamtschatica Pojark., L. pallasii Ledeb., L. stenantha Pojark., L. turczaninowii Pojark., L. villosa (Michx.) Muhl. (2x, 4x) were described. Karyotypes of species from 23 natural populations demonstrated great similarity between genera. This includes chromosome morphology and common ranges of variation of their length from 1 to 3 μm. Species of the same level of ploidy had the same karyotype formulae: 2m + 6sm + 1st for diploids and 4m + 11sm + 3st for tetraploids. It was demonstrated that tetraploid species of Lonicera are amphidiploid. Diploid and tetraploid forms of L. edulis and L. villosa are separate groups of karyotypes. They are not 2x and 4x races of the same species, respectively. Differences among species were detected for the total length of chromosomes of the haploid chromosome set, number of satellites, and telomeres. Similarity between genus and species-related features of Lonicera karyotypes indicate a common origin of the blue honeysuckle and the whole initial population of karyotypes of ancestors of the subsect. Caeruleae and some phylogenetic branches: Asian (L. iliensis and L. stenantha); Siberian (L. altaica, L. edulis, and L. pallasii); Bering (L. emphyllocalyx, L. kamtschatica, and L. villosa); Manchurian (L. boczkarnikowii (L. regeliana) and L. turczaninowii).