This book comes out of a joint project on which the editors have collaborated since 2012. The book covers various aspects of the subject of representation and its relationship to humans, other living organisms, and machines. This question of the way in which rational and organ- ismic agents construct their "representations" of the real world, and whether indeed they actually do so, lies at the intersection of many disciplines, from artificial intelligence (AI) to cognitive science. Recognizing this, the 19 chapters of the book are arranged into parts, each of which is composed of chapters that share a common perspective. Thus, there are chapters with a cognitive perspective, a computational perspective, a natural sciences perspective, a philosophical perspective, a logical perspective, and a machine perspective.
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