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Macroanalysis: Digital Methods and Literary History

机译:宏观分析:数字方法与文学史

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A volume in the University of Illinois Press series Topics in the Digital Humanities, Macroanalysis introduces a particular approach to the digital humanities. Jockers first places his subject matter in the larger history of the rapidly growing area of the digital humanities-a history that begin in the 1940s with a lemmatized index of the corpus of the works of Thomas Aquinas. In its broadest definition, the digital humanities refers to connecting literary or textual studies to computer studies, using various kinds of digital tools in order to analyze texts in one way or another. After sketching the broad sense of that tradition, Jockers suggests one particular approach that he calls macroanalysis. He explains it by an analogy to economics. "The approach to the study of literature that I am calling 'macroanalysis' is in some general ways akin to economics or, more specifically, to macroeconomics." He continues his comparison to "microeconomics, which studies the economic behavior of individual consumers and individual businesses. As such, microeconomics can be seen as analogous to our study of individual texts via 'close readings.' Macroeconomics, however, is about the study of the entire economy" (p. 24). Jockers' interest then has to with a large corpus and asking questions about, for example, the "historical place of individual texts, authors, and genres in relation to a larger literary context" or "literary production in terms of the growth and decline over time or within regions or within demographic groups" or "literary-patterns and lexicons employed over time, across periods, within regions, or within demographic groups" or "the culture and societal forces that impact literary style and the evolution of style" (p. 27). In each of these the interest in literary study has to do with larger overarching topics rather than the study of individual texts.
机译:宏观分析是伊利诺伊大学新闻系列中的一卷,主题是“数字人文科学”,它介绍了一种针对数字人文科学的特殊方法。乔克斯首先将他的主题放在数字人文学科快速发展的更大历史中,这一历史始于1940年代,最初是托马斯·阿奎那斯著作的语料库索引。在最广泛的定义中,数字人文科学是指使用各种数字工具将文学或文本研究与计算机研究联系起来,以便以一种或另一种方式分析文本。在概述了这种传统的广泛含义之后,Jockers提出了一种他称之为宏观分析的特殊方法。他用类似于经济学的解释。 “在我看来,被称为'宏观分析'的文学研究方法在某些方面类似于经济学,或更具体地说,类似于宏观经济学。”他继续将其与“微观经济学”进行比较,后者研究个人消费者和个体企业的经济行为。因此,微观经济学可以被视为类似于我们通过“仔细阅读”对个体文本的研究。然而,宏观经济学是关于整个经济的研究”(第24页)。然后,乔克斯(Jockers)的兴趣就必须放在庞大的语料库上,并询问一些问题,例如,“个别文本,作者和体裁在较大文学环境中的历史地位”或“文学作品的增长和衰落时间或区域内或人口群体内”或“一段时间内,跨时期,区域内或人口群体内所使用的文学样式和词典”或“影响文学风格和风格演变的文化和社会力量”(p 27)。在所有这些方面,对文学研究的兴趣都与更大的总体主题有关,而不是与个别文本的研究有关。

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    《Communication research trends》 |2016年第2期|40-41|共2页
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