Evolution of shape in oligocene and miocene notocarinovalva (ostracoda, crustacea): a multivariate statistical study

摘要

largely due to L. F. Bookstein, geometric morphometrics has been developed as an amalgamation of techniques drawn from mathematical statistics, non-Euclidean geometry and computer graphics, applied to labelled points (landmarks) and the biological images upon which they are registered. A tool of fundamental importance is the method of interpolation known as the thin-plate spline. Bookstein's sample-oriented procedure of relative warp, applied to data composed of coordinate pairs observed on eight landmarks on three samples of two species of fossil marine ostracods (bivalved microcrustaceans), Noto- carinoualua airella and N.