'Auraldiversity': Defining a Hearing- Centred Perspective to Socially Equitable Design of the Built Environment

摘要

Historically, sound, soundscape and human hearing have collectively received little attention in the design of urban spaces and places, particularly with regards to the psychological and sociological impact of hearing on the experience of individuals in the built environment. It isproposed that the sonic considerations which have been made in urban design are commonly developed within an assumption of otologically normal hearing, and, more broadly, without the acknowledgement of the actual diversity in people's auditory and sensory abilities. Existing considerationsof sound and hearing within inclusive design research, particularly in the built environment, are grounded in an 'auraltypical' perspective where the primary focus is hearing individuals or those with hearing loss. This position supposes to some degree that an idealized otological profileand consistent model of hearing proficiency is shared amongst all citizens and engenders a culture of urban design driven by 'good/bad' ears and homogenized sonic interaction. This paper introduces the theoretical paradigm of 'auraldiversity' – an emerging agenda that acknowledges thediversity of human hearing and the multitude of elements that place the hearing modality within a state of constant flux. The paper situates this theoretical perspective within the context of the built environment through the mapping of three 'auraldivergent' hearing profiles. Each profilecharts the lived sonic experiences of a d/Deaf or disabled individual in the built environment. The paper concludes by positioning the auraldiversity paradigm as a catalyst in the development of a hearing-centred approach to inclusive design research, a new agenda where the opportunity formore socially and sonically equitable design of the built environment is established.