Glutamine and regulation of gene expression in mammalian cells. Special reference to phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK)

摘要

The repertoire of the actions of specific amino acids on gene expression is relatively limited in mammalian cells. Glutamine constitutes the most studied amino acid and recent works intended to demonstrate its mechanism of action on two genes: the β-actin and the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase genes. From these studies, it appears that glutamine may regulate gene expression by, at least, two different mechanisms: one through the glutamine-induced cell swelling, and another through its intracellular metabolism.