Bulk sulfur (S) deposition in China

摘要

A systematic dataset of an observation network on a national scale has been organized to investigate the spatial distribution of bulk sulfur (S) deposition (S-dep) throughout China during 2000-2013, representing by far the most detailed data set to track the bulk sulfur deposition throughout China since 2000. Such a dataset is needed for ecosystem studies and for developing emission control policies. Bulk S-dep values showed great variations, ranging from 2.17 to 70.55 kg ha(-1) y(-1), with an average of 22.99 kg ha(-1) y(-1). The average rate of bulk S-dep located in East Coastal region (35.97 kg ha(-1) y(-1)), Middle Yangtze region (57.90 kg ha(-1) y(-1)), Middle Yellow River region (23.42 kg ha(-1) y(-1)), North Coastal region (42.19 kg ha(-1) y(-1)), Northeast region (34.28 kg ha(-1) y(-1)), South Coastal region (36.97 kg S ha(-1) y(-1)), Southwest region (33.85 kg ha(-1) y(-1)) was 4.50, 7.24, 2.93, 5.28, 4.29, 4.63 and 4.24 times than that in Northwest region (7.99 kg ha(-1) y(-1)). Bulk S-dep over China was mainly from fossil fuel combustion (76.96%), biomass burning (7.64%), crust (6.22%), aged sea salt (5.48%) and agriculture (3.68%). A systematic observation network on a national scale should be established to conduct a long-term monitoring atmospheric S-dep (including wet and dry deposition), based on exiting ecological stations administrated by different departments in China. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.