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A NEW SAMPLE OF LOW-MASS BLACK HOLES IN ACTIVE GALAXIES

机译:活动星系中低质量黑洞的一个新样本

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摘要

We present an expanded sample of low-mass black holes (BHs) found in galactic nuclei. Using standard virial mass techniques to estimate BH masses, we select from the Fourth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey all broad-line active galaxies with masses < 2 × 10~6 M_☉. BHs in this mass regime provide unique tests of the relationship between BHs and galaxies, since their late-type galaxy hosts do not necessarily contain classical bulges. Furthermore, they provide observational analogs of primordial seed BHs and are expected, when merging, to provide strong gravitational signals for future detectors such as LISA. From our preliminary sample of 19, we have increased the total sample by an order of magnitude to 174, as well as an additional 55 (less secure) candidates. The sample has a median BH mass of 〈M_(BH)〉 = 1.3 × 10~6 M_☉, and in general the objects are radiating at high fractions of their Eddington limits. We investigate the broad spectral properties of the sample; 55 are detected by ROSAT, with soft X-ray luminosities in the range 10~(40) to 7 × 10~(43) ergs s~(-1). Much like the preliminary sample, these objects are predominantly radio-quiet (R = f_(6cm)/f_(4400A) < 10),but 11 objects are detected at 20 cm, with radio powers (10~(21) - 10~(23) WHz~(-1)) thatmay arise from either star formation or nuclear activity; only 1% of the sample is radio-loud. We further confirm that, with 〈M_g〉 = -19.3 and 〈g-r〉 = 0.7 mag, the host galaxies are low-mass, late-type systems. At least 40% show disklike morphologies, and the combination of host galaxy colors and higher order Balmer absorption lines indicate intermediate-age stellar populations in a subset of the sample.
机译:我们提出了在银河核中发现的低质量黑洞(BHs)的扩展样本。使用标准病毒质量技术估算BH质量,我们从Sloan Digital Sky Survey的第四次数据发布中选择质量小于2×10〜6M_☉的所有宽线活动星系。在这种质量状态下,BH对BH和星系之间的关系提供了独特的检验,因为它们的晚型星系宿主不一定包含经典的凸起。此外,它们提供了原始种子BH的观测类似物,并有望在合并时为未来的检测器(例如LISA)提供强大的引力信号。从最初的19个样本中,我们将总样本增加了一个数量级,达到174个,另外增加了55个(不太安全)的候选对象。样品的中位BH质量为 = 1.3×10〜6M_☉,通常,物体以其Eddington极限的高分数放射。我们研究了样品的广谱特性。用ROSAT检测到55个,其软X射线亮度在10〜(40)至7×10〜(43)ers s〜(-1)范围内。与初步样本非常相似,这些物体主要是无声的(R = f_(6cm)/ f_(4400A)<10),但是在20 cm处检测到11个物体,其无线电功率为(10〜(21)-10〜 (23)WHz〜(-1)),可能来自恒星形成或核活动;仅有1%的样品是无线电响的。我们进一步证实,在 = -19.3和 = 0.7 mag的情况下,主星系是低质量的晚型系统。至少40%的人显示出盘状形态,并且宿主星系颜色和更高阶的Balmer吸收线的组合表明样本子集中的中年恒星种群。

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