Assessing the Validity and Reliability of Selection Tools: A Case Study of selected Higher Education Institutions (HEIS) in Ghana

摘要

Selection tools are of great importance to every organization since they are the main instruments used in employees' selection process. Hence, this research work assessed the validity and reliability of selection tools of selected Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Ghana. All Nations University College and Koforidua Polytechnic was selected as case studies for the research. The study was intended to find out the selection tools of both institutions, how valid and reliable these selection tools (assessment methods) are in employees' selection, the challenges with those selection tools and ways to help improve their use. A simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques were used to select a sample size of 250 employees (staff) from both institutions. The study hence obtained data from the respondents through the use of questionnaires. The data gathered from the respondents were then analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software. The results indicated that, seven main selections tools are used by All Nations University College and Koforidua Polytechnic in their employees' selection process. It was also realized that all the seven selection tools are valid and highly reliable, resulting in hiring competent staff for these two institutions. However, the study also showed three main factors as challenges to the use of selection tools at both institutions. These challenges were; high cost of administering selection tools, difficulty in designing selection tools and rigidity of selection tools due to their over standardization. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that All Nations University College and Koforidua Polytechnic must develop implementation plans to guide the use of selection tools, and must also conduct effective validation studies on their selection tools to demonstrate the tools relationship with job performance.