Applying the Parabolic Equation to Tropospheric Groundwave Propagation: A review of recent achievements and significant milestones.

摘要

In this article, we trace the significant milestones in the field of parabolic equation (PE) modeling, which is applied to tropospheric groundwave propagation, as well as the latest achievements in recent years. We divide these achievements into several independent topics: the PE framework, PE algorithms, PE boundary conditions, and some specific propagation modeling issues. By summarizing the research results for each module and outlining the unique functions of different solution methods, we can clearly and effectively grasp the development of PE modeling in tropospheric groundwave propagation, thus promoting further studies in this field.