Fabrication and Characterization of a Solid State Reference Electrode for Electroanalysis of natural Waters with Ultramicroelectrodes

摘要

As an alternative to standard commercial reference elec- trodes, a solid state reference electrode is fabricated for in situ voltammetric analysis in solutions containing little or no added supporting electrolyte. In the fabrication process, a Ag/AgCl wire is coated with an electrolyte immobilized and protected with Nafion or polyurethane. The electrode potential is measured as a function of time, ionic strength, and pH. A stable potential is obtained for Nafion and polyurethane within 30-35 min in water.