Historically, economists have relied heavily on survey-based data collection to measure social and economic well-being. More recently, the proliferation of large-scale digital data has enabled new approaches to measurement. The use of satellite imagery is now commonplace in economics research (Donaldson and Storeygard 2016), and related work indicates that regional patterns of phone and internet use correlate with regional measures of wealth and unemployment (Eagle. Macy, and Claxton 2010; Llorente et al. 2015). The general focus of such analysis has been to identify a functional mapping between a regionally-aggregated measure of economic activity (such as the average wealth of a village) and a regionally-aggregated source of passively-collected digital data (such as aerial photographs of the village, or traffic passing through nearby cell phone towers).
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机译：历史上，经济学家高度依赖基于调查的数据收集来衡量社会和经济福祉。最近，大规模数字数据的激增为测量提供了新的方法。卫星图像的使用现在在经济学研究中很普遍（Donaldson and Storeygard 2016），相关工作表明，电话和互联网使用的区域模式与财富和失业的区域度量相关（Eagle。Macy和Claxton 2010； Llorente等人） （2015年）。这种分析的总体重点是确定区域汇总的经济活动度量（例如村庄的平均财富）与区域汇总的被动收集的数字数据源（例如航空影像）之间的功能映射。村庄或通过附近手机塔的交通）。
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