EMISSIONS FROM ETHANOL-GASOLINE BLENDS: PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SIDI ENGINE PARTICULATES

摘要

Spark ignited direct injection (SIDI) gasoline engines have been in commercial production since the late 1990’s1 but have only become common in the U.S. light-duty fleet in the past five years. SIDI engines can be more fuel efficient, in particular under fuel lean operating conditions, and also offer a performance benefit due to the higher volumetric efficiency at high load2. However, SIDI engines tend to make more PM than their port-injected counterparts, with PM mass levels exceeding those of diesels equipped with diesel particulate filters1,2.