THE NORTH RUSSIA EXPEDITION

摘要

Following the October revolution of 1917 that overthrew the Russian provisional government and the subsequent seizure of power by the Bolsheviks, a separate peace was negotiated with Germany. In part to secure stockpiles of war materiel that had been shipped to the Tsarist forces and to prevent German use of Russian Arctic ports as U-boat bases, an Allied force was sent to north Russia. The British element, known as the North Russia Expeditionary Force (NREF), under Maj Gen Edmund Ironside was also to support and train anti-Bolshevik White Russian forces in preparation for the creation of a new Eastern Front.