家庭部門を対象とした自治体温暖化政策に対する一般市民の意向: 低炭素型設備の導入義務化は可能か

摘要

The objective of the present paper is to investigate public attitude toward global warming (GW) mitigation policies implemented by local governments, in particular policies for installation of low carbon systems in residential sectors. We conducted a questionnaire survey of residents in Saitama, Yokohama, Kawasaki, Osaka and Sakai cities where local environmental problems such as an urban heat-island effect and photochemical smog are relatively serious. First, we compared attitudes towards policies for GW with those for the local problems. Taking measures to promote energy efficient hot water systems or vehicles, such as obligations to purchase those systems, as examples, we found that there is no significant difference between the GW and local problems. Second, we found that in order to obtain positive attitudes by over 65% respondents toward the obligat ions, which a previous study referred to as a requirement when local governments implement obligatory measures, high initial costs of the systems are required to be recovered within three years.%日本の家庭部門における2010年度の温室効果ガス排出量は1990年度比で35.5％の増加であった．家庭部門については，国レベルで様々な対策が行われている中で，近年，対策の実施主体として地方自治体（自治体）の役割も期待されている．自治体による家庭部門を対象にした温暖化対策としては，これまで環境配慮?省エネ行動に関する情報提供等の普及?啓発や，再生可能?省エネ設備導入のための財政的支援策が中心であった．