Bilateral pallidotomy for treatment of Parkinsons diseaseinduced corticobulbar syndrome and psychic akinesia avoidable by globuspallidus lesion combined with contralateral stimulation

摘要

OBJECTIVE—Posteroventral pallidotomy (PVP) has proved to be an effective method for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. However, data on bilateral procedures are still limited. To assess the effects of bilateral globus pallidus (GPi) lesion and to compare it with a combination of unilateral GPi lesion plus contralateral GPi stimulation (PVP+PVS), an open blind randomised trial was designed.
METHODS—A prospective series of patients with severe Parkinson's disease refractory to medical treatment, and severe drug induced dyskinesias, were randomised either to simultaneous bilateral PVP or simultaneous PVP+PVS. All patients were assessed with the core assessment programme for intracerebral transplantation (CAPIT), and a comprehensive neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric battery both before surgery and 3 months later.
RESULTS—The severe adverse effects found in the first three patients subjected to bilateral PVP led to discontinuation of the protocol. All three patients developed depression and apathy. Speech, salivation, andswallowing, as well as freezing, walking, and falling, dramatically worsened. By contrast, all three patients undergoing PVP+PVS had asignificant motor improvement.
CONCLUSION—Bilateralsimultaneous lesions within the GPi may produce severe motor andpsychiatric complications. On the other hand, a combination of PVP+ PVSsignificantly improves parkinsonian symptoms not associated with theside effects elicited by bilateral lesions.